Archive for Maret 2016
Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns. They substitute for nouns to make speech and writing less cumbersome by using a single word (the pronoun) to represent much longer passages and ideas.
E.g: "Frank thought aout uying a new car, but then he changed her mind."
There are several types of pronouns: personal, demonstrative, reflexive, intensive, interrogative, relative, and indefinite. Note that some authorities may classify possessive adjectives, demonstrative pronouns, relative pronouns, indefinite pronouns (or quantifiers) as determiners and not pronouns.
Kinds of Pronouns
There are six kinds of pronouns with different functions:
1. Personal pronouns
This kind of pronoun refers to a particular person or thing. The form of the personal pronoun that is appropriate to use for a specific sentence depends on the gender and number of persons or things that serve as the antecedents.
For example, you are referring to a female subject in the sentence, the pronouns that are appropriate to use are: she, her, and hers. If you are referring to a male, you can use: he, him, and his. For a group of persons, not including yourself, the appropriate pronouns are: they, them, and theirs.
Personal pronouns can serve as the subjects, objects of the verb or preposition, and can also show possession. They are formally classified into: subjective personal pronouns, objective personal pronouns, and possessive personal pronouns.
Examples:
You are definitely the biggest science nerd I’ve ever met.
In the example above, the underlined pronoun serves as the subject.
Harry persuaded her to come with him.
The pronoun “her” is the object of the verb persuaded. Him, on the other hand, is the object of the preposition with.
Ours is the one on the left.
The pronoun “ours” signifies possession.
2. Demonstrative pronouns
The function of this kind of pronoun is to point to a noun. Examples are: this, these, that, and those. The pronouns “this” and “these” points to things that are nearby while the other two are for things that are far. Aside from proximity, you must also consider the number of things you are pointing out. For singular nouns, “this” and “that” should be used, while for plural nouns “these” and “those” are appropriate.
Examples:
That is the car that I’ll buy for my birthday.
The speaker is pointing out to a singular noun that is far from him/her.
She said she wanted these.
The underlined pronoun refers to a plural noun and also serve as the object of the verb wanted.
3. Indefinite pronouns
This kind of pronoun refers to unspecified things. Some examples are: any, all, another, each, anyone, anything, anybody, nobody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, few, and many.
Examples:
Many were called for the interview but only 3 were hired.
He’s ready to give up everything for his family’s safety.
4. Intensive pronouns
The function of intensive pronouns is to give emphasis to the antecedent. Examples of this kind of pronoun are: myself, itself, himself, herself, yourself, yourselves, themselves, and ourselves.
Examples:
The president himself said that it was a terrorist attack.
I myself knew that it was a mistake.
5. Interrogative pronouns
As the title implies, the function of this kind of pronoun is to ask questions. Examples of interrogative pronouns are: who, what, which, whom, whoever, whatever, whichever, and whomever.
Examples:
Who wrote the book 1984?
What did the doctors say?
6. Relative pronouns
This kind of pronoun links one clause or phrase to another. Some of the most common relative pronouns are: who, whoever, whomever, that, and which.
Examples:
The contestant who gets the highest score wins the million dollar jackpot.
In this sentence, the underlined pronoun is the subject of the verb gets. The subordinate clause, “who gets the highest score wins the million dollar jackpot,” describes the noun contestant.
He will accept whichever project comes first.
The subordinate clause, ”whichever project comes first,” serves as the object of the verb “will accept.”
7. Reflexive pronouns
This kind of pronoun is used to refer back to the subject. Some of the reflexive pronouns are: yourself, myself, ourselves, himself, herself, themselves, and itself.
Example:
Sandra never forgets to send a copy of the email to herself.
The pronoun “herself” refers back to the subject of the sentence, which is Sandra.
He promised to repair the broken fence, however, we ended up fixing it ourselves.
The underlined reflexive pronoun refers back to the subject we.
Source:
understandinggrammar.com/parts-of-speech/pronouns
partofspeech.org/pronoun
Source:
understandinggrammar.com/parts-of-speech/pronouns
partofspeech.org/pronoun
Subject
A subject is one of the two main parts of a sentence. The subject is sometimes called the naming
part of a sentence or clause.
The subject usually appears before the predicate to show (a) what the
sentence is about, or (b) who or what performs the action.
A subject may be one word or several words.
1. The subject
may be just a single word: a noun or a pronoun. In this first example, the proper noun Felix is
the subject of the sentence:
Felix laughed.
In
the next example, the personal pronoun he is
the subject:
He laughed.
2. The subject
may be a noun phrase, a word group made up of a head noun
and any modifiers, determiners (such
as the, a, her), and/or complements.
In this example, the subject is The first person in line:
The first person in line spoke to the television reporter.
In this example, the compound subject is Winnie and her
sister:
Winnie and her sister will sing at the recital this
evening.
Verb
A verb is the part of speech (or word class) that describes an action or occurrence or
indicates a state of being.
There are two main classes of verbs: (1) the large open class of lexical verbs (also known as main verbs or full
verbs, verbs that aren't dependent on other verbs) and (2) the small closed class of auxiliary
verbs (also called helping verbs). The two subtypes of
auxiliaries are the primary auxiliaries (be, have, and do), which can
also act as lexical verbs, and the modal
auxiliaries (can, could, may, might, must, ought, shall, should,
will, and would). Verbs and verb phrases usually function as predicates.
They can display differences in tense, mood, aspect, number, person,
and voice.
Example:
Across the
street a few people in their best clothes “walk” on the pavement past
the row of worn brick homes.
Complement
Complements are words that come after
linking verbs and modify nouns. The most common noun complements are adjectives and nouns, but can be many other parts of speech as well.
Examples of complements
1.
My sister is
a doctor.
2.
Tomomi is happy.
3.
The book is on
the table.
Modifier
A modifier is a word, phrase,
or clause that functions as an adjective or adverb to
provide additional information about another word or word group (called the head).
As illustrated below, modifiers in English include
adjectives, adverbs, demonstratives, possessive determiners, prepositional phrases, degree modifiers, and intensifiers. Modifiers that appear before the
head are called pre modifiers; modifiers
that appear after the head are called post modifiers. Modifiers
may be either restrictive (essential
to the meaning of a sentence) or nonrestrictive (additional
but not essential elements in a sentence).
1. Examples
of modifiers as adjectives
Lee caught a small mackerel.
(Here, the adjective small modifies
the noun mackerel.)
2. Examples
of modifiers as adverbs
Lee accidentally caught a small whelk.
(Here, the adverb accidentally modifies
the verb caught.)
Source:
Hello guys, my fullname is Muhammad Rafsanjani, you can call me Rafsa, I was born in Medan at 19 May 1995 now I'm 20 years old. I lived in Grand Depok City street anggrek 2 block B7.
The story of my education, I graduated from SDN Karanganyar Indramayu in 2007, after it I continued my school education in SMPN Unggulan Sindang Indramayu and graduated in 2010 and I choose SMAN 1 Sindang Indramayu and graduated in 2014. Now, I've been studied in gunadarma university faculty of economy.
I joined basketball club cause it is my hobby, beside play basketball I like to travel to anywhere i wanna go like beach or mount etc.
I wanna be a financial advisor in BUMN, cause I think I've some solution about it so that company have a better finance than before.
"Academic qualifications are important and so is financial education. They’re both important and schools are forgetting one of them" - robert kiyosaki
The story of my education, I graduated from SDN Karanganyar Indramayu in 2007, after it I continued my school education in SMPN Unggulan Sindang Indramayu and graduated in 2010 and I choose SMAN 1 Sindang Indramayu and graduated in 2014. Now, I've been studied in gunadarma university faculty of economy.
I joined basketball club cause it is my hobby, beside play basketball I like to travel to anywhere i wanna go like beach or mount etc.
I wanna be a financial advisor in BUMN, cause I think I've some solution about it so that company have a better finance than before.
"Academic qualifications are important and so is financial education. They’re both important and schools are forgetting one of them" - robert kiyosaki
